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What is the MOST likely mechanism of effectiveness of external cues in the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease?


A) Reinforcing the internal cueing of the basal ganglia
B) Decreasing attention to conscious motor control
C) Bypassing the diminished internal cueing of the basal ganglia
D) Improving memory and cognition

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The absence of postural strategies in standing and gait is characteristic of which of the following stages of Parkinson's disease?


A) Early
B) Mid
C) Advanced
D) Pre-Parkinson's

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following examination tools is MOST appropriate for assessing cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease?


A) Mini-Mental Status Examination
B) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
C) Functional Independence Measure
D) Behavioral Inattention Test

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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A person with Parkinson's disease completes the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test in 16 seconds.How can this information be used clinically?


A) To initiate a more aggressive strength-training program
B) To categorize the patient as having mid-stage Parkinson's disease
C) To determine whether the patient is at high risk for falls
D) To determine that the patient is unable to live in the community independently

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which diagnosis is MORE likely for a patient who has rigidity and bradykinesia that temporarily improves with levodopa therapy?


A) Normal pressure hydrocephalus
B) Huntington's disease
C) Parkinson's disease
D) Progressive supranuclear palsy

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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C

Which of the following findings is MORE likely to be present in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease?


A) Relative stability of impairments of body structure and function
B) Fluctuating impairments of body structure and function
C) Freezing of gait
D) Pharmacological instability

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about dual tasking and motor performance for people with moderate to advanced Parkinson's disease is true?


A) Motor performance is unchanged by dual tasking.
B) Motor performance improves when dual tasking is avoided.
C) Motor performance improves when dual tasking is utilized.
D) The effect of dual tasking varies based on L-dopa effectiveness and dosing cycle.Chapter 18: Parkinson's Disease

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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B

Which of the following interventions are recommended to be performed by people with Parkinson's disease only twice per week?


A) Aerobic conditioning
B) Flexibility training
C) Relaxation exercises
D) Resistance training

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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D

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