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If a market is in equilibrium,then it is impossible for a social planner to raise economic welfare by increasing or decreasing the quantity of the good.

A) True
B) False

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Even though participants in the economy are motivated by self-interest,the "invisible hand" of the marketplace guides this self-interest into promoting general economic well-being.

A) True
B) False

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Kristi and Rebecca sell lemonade on the corner.It costs them 7 cents to make each cup.On a certain day,they sell 40 cups.Their producer surplus for that day amounts to $19.20.Kristi & Rebecca sold each cup for


A) 31 cents.
B) 38 cents.
C) 45 cents.
D) 55 cents.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Producer surplus is


A) measured using the demand curve for a good.
B) always a negative number for sellers in a competitive market.
C) the amount a seller is paid minus the cost of production.
D) the opportunity cost of production minus the cost of producing goods that go unsold.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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An example of positive analysis is studying


A) how market forces produce equilibrium.
B) whether equilibrium outcomes are fair.
C) whether equilibrium outcomes are socially desirable.
D) if income distributions are fair.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Figure 7-1 Figure 7-1   -Refer to Figure 7-1.If the price of the good is $50,then consumer surplus amounts to A)  $400. B)  $500. C)  $600. D)  $750. -Refer to Figure 7-1.If the price of the good is $50,then consumer surplus amounts to


A) $400.
B) $500.
C) $600.
D) $750.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Table 7-9 The numbers reveal the opportunity costs of providing 10 piano lessons of equal quality. Table 7-9 The numbers reveal the opportunity costs of providing 10 piano lessons of equal quality.    -Refer to Table 7-9.You wish to purchase 10 piano lessons,so you take bids from each of the sellers.The bids are required to be rounded to the nearest dollar.You will not accept a bid below a seller's cost because you are concerned that the seller will not provide all 10 lessons.Your parents have given you $450 to spend on piano lessons.You believe that the sellers with higher opportunity costs offer higher quality lessons.You want the highest quality lessons that you can afford,but you can spend any remaining money on dinner with friends.From whom will you take lessons,and how much money will you spend? A)  Peter;$450 B)  Cindy;$450 C)  Greg;$401 D)  Cindy;$401 -Refer to Table 7-9.You wish to purchase 10 piano lessons,so you take bids from each of the sellers.The bids are required to be rounded to the nearest dollar.You will not accept a bid below a seller's cost because you are concerned that the seller will not provide all 10 lessons.Your parents have given you $450 to spend on piano lessons.You believe that the sellers with higher opportunity costs offer higher quality lessons.You want the highest quality lessons that you can afford,but you can spend any remaining money on dinner with friends.From whom will you take lessons,and how much money will you spend?


A) Peter;$450
B) Cindy;$450
C) Greg;$401
D) Cindy;$401

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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If producing a soccer ball costs Jake $5,and he sells it for $40,his producer surplus is $35.

A) True
B) False

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Table 7-2 The only four producers in a market have the following costs: Table 7-2 The only four producers in a market have the following costs:    -Refer to Table 7-2.If the sellers bid against each other for the right to sell the good to a single consumer,then the producer surplus will be A)  $0 or slightly more. B)  $5 or slightly less. C)  $10 or slightly less. D)  $25 or slightly less. -Refer to Table 7-2.If the sellers bid against each other for the right to sell the good to a single consumer,then the producer surplus will be


A) $0 or slightly more.
B) $5 or slightly less.
C) $10 or slightly less.
D) $25 or slightly less.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In a competitive market,sales go to those producers who are willing to supply the product at the lowest price.

A) True
B) False

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Producer surplus is


A) represented on a graph by the area below the demand curve and above the supply curve.
B) the amount a seller is paid minus the cost of production.
C) also referred to as excess supply.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Figure 7-17 Figure 7-17   -Refer to Figure 7-17.Which area represents consumer surplus when the price is P1? A)  A B)  B C)  C D)  D -Refer to Figure 7-17.Which area represents consumer surplus when the price is P1?


A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Free markets allocate (a)the supply of goods to the buyers who value them most highly and (b)the demand for goods to the sellers who can produce them at least cost.

A) True
B) False

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If the government imposes a binding price ceiling in a market,then the producer surplus in that market will increase.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 7-14 Figure 7-14   -Refer to Figure 7-14.If total surplus is $750 and consumer surplus is A)  $500,then the price of the good is $200. B)  $450,then the price of the good is $200. C)  $600,then the price of the good is $175. D)  $500,then the price of the good is $175. -Refer to Figure 7-14.If total surplus is $750 and consumer surplus is


A) $500,then the price of the good is $200.
B) $450,then the price of the good is $200.
C) $600,then the price of the good is $175.
D) $500,then the price of the good is $175.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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ABC Company incurs a cost of 50 cents to produce a dozen eggs,while XYZ Company incurs a cost of 70 cents to produce a dozen eggs.Which of the following price increases would cause both companies to experience an increase in producer surplus?


A) The price of a dozen eggs increases from 40 cents to 55 cents.
B) The price of a dozen eggs increases from 55 cents to 70 cents.
C) The price of a dozen eggs increases from 55 cents to 75 cents.
D) All of these price increases would cause both companies to experience a loss in producer surplus.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Table 7-5 For each of three potential buyers of oranges,the table displays the willingness to pay for the first three oranges of the day.Assume Alex,Barb,and Carlos are the only three buyers of oranges,and only three oranges can be supplied per day. Table 7-5 For each of three potential buyers of oranges,the table displays the willingness to pay for the first three oranges of the day.Assume Alex,Barb,and Carlos are the only three buyers of oranges,and only three oranges can be supplied per day.    -Refer to Table 7-5.Which of the following statements is correct? A)  Neither Bob's consumer surplus nor Charisse's consumer surplus can exceed Allison's consumer surplus,for any price of an orange. B)  All three individuals will buy at least one orange only if the price of an orange is less than $0.25. C)  If the price of an orange is $0.60,then consumer surplus is $4.90. D)  All of the above are correct. -Refer to Table 7-5.Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Neither Bob's consumer surplus nor Charisse's consumer surplus can exceed Allison's consumer surplus,for any price of an orange.
B) All three individuals will buy at least one orange only if the price of an orange is less than $0.25.
C) If the price of an orange is $0.60,then consumer surplus is $4.90.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Figure 7-8 Figure 7-8   -Refer to Figure 7-8.Which area represents the increase in producer surplus when the price rises from P1 to P2? A)  BCG B)  ACH C)  ABGD D)  AHGB -Refer to Figure 7-8.Which area represents the increase in producer surplus when the price rises from P1 to P2?


A) BCG
B) ACH
C) ABGD
D) AHGB

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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If the current allocation of resources in the market for hammers is inefficient,then it must be the case that


A) producer surplus exceeds consumer surplus in the market for hammers.
B) consumer surplus exceeds producer surplus in the market for hammers.
C) the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus could be increased by moving to a different allocation of resources.
D) the costs that sellers of hammers are incurring could be reduced by moving to a different allocation of resources.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Figure 7-3 Figure 7-3   -Refer to Figure 7-3.At the equilibrium price,consumer surplus is A)  $600. B)  $900. C)  $1,500. D)  $1,800. -Refer to Figure 7-3.At the equilibrium price,consumer surplus is


A) $600.
B) $900.
C) $1,500.
D) $1,800.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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