Question 1

An animal whose blood osmolarity is 100 mOsm and urine osmolarity is 80 mOSm will have _______ that is _______ to the plasma.

Accepted Answer

A)   urine; hyperosmotic
B)   urine; isosmotic
C)   blood; hyperosmotic
D)   blood; hyposmoticE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

If cells are submerged in hypertonic solution they will

Accepted Answer

A)   expand.
B)   burst.
C)   maintain the same volume.
D)   shrivel.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Urine that is hyposmotic to the blood plasma contains a

Accepted Answer

A)   large amount of water.
B)   normal amount of water.
C)   low amount of water.
D)   high amount of solutes and waste product.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

An animal whose blood osmolarity is 70 mOsm and urine osmolarity is 90 mOsm will have _______ that is _______ to the plasma.

Accepted Answer

A)   urine; hyperosmotic
B)   urine; isosmotic
C)   blood; hyperosmotic
D)   blood; hyposmoticE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Larger crustaceans, such as a blue crab, have an exoskeleton impregnated with

Accepted Answer

A)   cellulose.
B)   calcium.
C)   phospholipids.
D)   proteoglycans.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

You are trapped on a deserted island and are dehydrated and hungry. You have the ability to eat all the marine invertebrates you want or expend energy to catch a few fish. Which one is the better option in the long run?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eat the invertebrates - you don't expend any energy to get them and they are similar in concentration to you so you will not dehydrate as much by eating them.
B)   Eat the invertebrates - They contain less dehydrating proteins.
C)   If you can catch the fish, they are similar in concentration to you so you will not dehydrate as much by eating them.
D)   The fish are more nutritious so you should expend the energy to catch them.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Describe, in detail, how molting occurs in blue crabs.

Accepted Answer

Prior to the actual time of molting, sea...

Question 8

The rate of evaporation (J) depends on multiple factors. Define each factor and state how they are mathematically related.

Accepted Answer

The rate of evaporation (J) depends on d...

Question 9

If the partial pressure of a substance in the atmosphere is 2x and the partial pressure of the same substance in the body fluid is 4x, the evaporation rate will

Accepted Answer

A)   stay the same.
B)   decrease.
C)   increase.
D)   cease.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Animal A has a body temperature of 35°C and animal B has a body temperature of 40°C. Both of the animals are in an environment at 40°C and 25% relative humidity. Which of the two animals would lose more water?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animal A because the air it exhales has more water vapor.
B)   Animal B because the air it exhales has more water vapor.
C)   Animal A because the air it inhales has more water vapor.
D)   Animal B because the air it inhales has more water vapor.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Which substance would cause the greatest loss of water when consumed?

Accepted Answer

A)   Proteins, because they require urea for catabolism
B)   Carbohydrates, because they generate carbon dioxide
C)   Lipids, because they generate nitrogenous wastes
D)   Proteins, because they generate ureaE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Plants that tolerate and assimilate high concentrations of salt are called

Accepted Answer

A)   bryophytes.
B)   ferns.
C)   halophytes.
D)   stipes.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Refer to the figure shown.
 Which animal is a regulator?

Accepted Answer

A)   Green crab
B)   Mussel
C)   Shrimp
D)   Green crab and shrimpE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

If a freshwater fish takes in a quantity of water from its dilute environment by osmosis, the osmotic pressure in its plasma will tend to

Accepted Answer

A)   increase.
B)   decrease.
C)   remain the same.
D)   increase then decrease.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

The most fundamental function of the _______ is to prevent an animal from reaching an isosmotic line.

Accepted Answer

A)   liver
B)   small intestine
C)   kidney
D)   spleenE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

If a human drank sea water, ingestion of which ion would be most responsible for tissue dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sodium
B)   Potassium
C)   Chloride
D)   MagnesiumE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

An ionic U/P ratio that is greater than 1 indicates that the urine contains

Accepted Answer

A)   more sodium compared to the plasma.
B)   less sodium compared to the plasma.
C)   the same amount of sodium as the plasma does.
D)   more sodium compared to the plasma, however, the concentration is equal.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

In terms of osmotic pressure exerted, which comparison of dissolved chemicals is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   1 mmol taurine = 1 mmol Na+
B)   1mmol of glycine > 1 mmol NaCl
C)   1 mmol trimethylamine oxide > 1 mmol Na+
D)   1 mmol Mg2+ > 1 mmol Na+E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Water produced by cellular respiration is called _______ water.

Accepted Answer

A)   catabolic
B)   cellular respiration
C)   preformed
D)   metabolicE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following will most likely accompany evaporation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The blood will become hypertonic.
B)   The blood will become hypotonic.
C)   The blood tonicity will not change.
D)   The blood will become isotonic.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Exam 27: Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Which of the following will most likely accompany evaporation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe, in detail, how molting occurs in blue crabs.

Correct AnswerverifiedPrior to the actual time of molting, sea...View AnswerShow Answer

The rate of evaporation (J) depends on multiple factors. Define each factor and state how they are mathematically related.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe rate of evaporation (J) depends on d...View AnswerShow Answer

The most fundamental function of the _______ is to prevent an animal from reaching an isosmotic line.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the partial pressure of a substance in the atmosphere is 2x and the partial pressure of the same substance in the body fluid is 4x, the evaporation rate will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure shown. Which animal is a regulator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Larger crustaceans, such as a blue crab, have an exoskeleton impregnated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animal A has a body temperature of 35°C and animal B has a body temperature of 40°C. Both of the animals are in an environment at 40°C and 25% relative humidity. Which of the two animals would lose more water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plants that tolerate and assimilate high concentrations of salt are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are trapped on a deserted island and are dehydrated and hungry. You have the ability to eat all the marine invertebrates you want or expend energy to catch a few fish. Which one is the better option in the long run?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a human drank sea water, ingestion of which ion would be most responsible for tissue dehydration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In terms of osmotic pressure exerted, which comparison of dissolved chemicals is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine that is hyposmotic to the blood plasma contains a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An animal whose blood osmolarity is 100 mOsm and urine osmolarity is 80 mOSm will have _______ that is _______ to the plasma.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a freshwater fish takes in a quantity of water from its dilute environment by osmosis, the osmotic pressure in its plasma will tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water produced by cellular respiration is called _______ water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ionic U/P ratio that is greater than 1 indicates that the urine contains

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which substance would cause the greatest loss of water when consumed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If cells are submerged in hypertonic solution they will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An animal whose blood osmolarity is 70 mOsm and urine osmolarity is 90 mOsm will have _______ that is _______ to the plasma.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Prior to the actual time of molting, sea...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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The rate of evaporation (J) depends on d...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Animal A has a body temperature of 35^°C and animal B has a body temperature of 40^°C. Both of the animals are in an environment at 40^°C and 25% relative humidity. Which of the two animals would lose more water?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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An animal whose blood osmolarity is 100 mOsm and urine osmolarity is 80 mOSm will have _ that is _ to the plasma.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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An animal whose blood osmolarity is 70 mOsm and urine osmolarity is 90 mOsm will have _ that is _ to the plasma.

Correct Answer
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