Question 1

In a study by Oster et al.(1992) , 1-, 4- and 7-month-old infants were observed as their forearms were held down so that the infants could not move their arms.At what age did infants show a definite anger response?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 month
B)  4 months
C)  7 months
D)  All of the infants showed an anger response.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

In the first year of life, infants accumulate fat, which helps the infant __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain a constant body temperature
B)  maintain high energy levels
C)  build muscle
D)  create brain cellsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Your nephew was born in mid-June, so you had 2 months to play with him before you left for school.It seemed like your nephew really enjoyed when you rocked and held him.When you next see him, at Christmas, he will be 6 months old.What will likely be his reaction to seeing you again?

Accepted Answer

A)  He will act overjoyed to see you because he remembers you.
B)  He will be afraid as if he has stranger anxiety.
C)  He will act like he has no idea who you are but smile at you.
D)  He will be happy to see you because he is too young for stranger anxiety.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Object permanence is not just a test of knowledge of the properties of objects; it is also a test of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term memory
B)  long-term memory
C)  episodic memory
D)  semantic memoryE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

You have an infant who is 11 months old.She can hold small objects between her thumb and forefinger, such as marbles, coins, and crayons.You are amazed at this ability and believe that she is highly advanced.What is your pediatrician likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is highly advanced; children generally do not do this until 2 years of age.
B)  She is engaging in the pincer grasp, which most children do around this age.
C)  She should be doing quite a bit more, so she is actually less developed.
D)  She is likely to be an artist.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Which statement is true for infants in developing countries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants who are bottle-fed have a mortality rate that is five times higher than those who breast-feed.
B)  Infants who are breast-fed have a mortality rate twice as times higher than those who are bottle-fed.
C)  Malaria is a major cause of death for infants worldwide.
D)  Infants have a natural immunity to the flu bacteria before the age of 1 year.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

As early as 4 months of age, infants __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  recognize their names
B)  produce at least 10 words
C)  understand 40 words
D)  remember their parents' namesE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

In animals, quite a bit of brain development occurs prenatally.When does this same brain development occur in human infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatally as well
B)  during the first year of life
C)  only during the fetal period
D)  after the first year of lifeE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which statement is true regarding the process of myelination?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myelination is active the first year of life but slows in rate beginning in late adolescence.
B)  Myelination is active the first year of life but stops at age 35.
C)  Myelination is active the first year of life but continues at a slower rate past age 40.
D)   Myelination is a process that occurs throughout the lifetime.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

The still-face paradigm is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  what happens when young infants have a stroke
B)  a research method in which parents are to show no emotion
C)  the facial expression of autistic spectrum disorder infants
D)  the facial expression of infants when they are scaredE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Infants begin to behave in an intentional manner after 6 months of age.What might provoke an infant to express anger?

Accepted Answer

A)  when they are hungry
B)  when they have a wet or soiled diaper
C)  when their intentions are thwarted
D)  when they are tiredE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

The __________ is the outermost portion of the forebrain; it contains four regions with distinct functions.

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal cortex
B)  cerebral cortex
C)  thalamus
D)  hypothalamusE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

What happens to an infant's heart rate when a new stimulus is presented?

Accepted Answer

A)  It remains the same.
B)  It gradually rises.
C)  It declines, then gradually rises.
D)  It initially rises and then sharply decreases.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

At birth, the neurons have only a few connections.By age 2, each neuron is connected to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  about as many as at birth
B)  hundreds or thousands of other neurons
C)  millions of other neurons
D)  billions of other neuronsE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

The Ifaluk people of Micronesia do not use ID speech.How do they view talking to children?

Accepted Answer

A)  They speak to them constantly.
B)  They only speak to them during the day, never at night.
C)  They speak only to the upper caste infants.
D)  They believe there is no point in speaking to infants since they will not speak in return.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

What is the term that developmentalists use to describe the oo-ing, ah-ing, and gurgling sounds that infants produce around 2 months of age?

Accepted Answer

A)  telegraphic speech
B)  babbling
C)  cooing
D)  gesturingE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of infant-directed (ID)  speech?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Time to take a nap, Ryan."
B)  "What a good girl, Miriam! You finished your carrots!"
C)  "Goodbye, Carson.Daddy is going to work."
D)  "Amy, let's go change your diaper."E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

The first stage in Erikson's theory is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  trust versus mistrust
B)  autonomy versus shame
C)  initiative versus guilt
D)  industry versus inferiorityE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

What did Piaget call the cognitive structures for processing, organizing, and interpreting information?

Accepted Answer

A)  active processing
B)  schemes
C)  assimilation
D)  accommodationE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

In reference to infancy, Bowlby believed that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  infant development is a contribution of genetics and environment
B)  infants do best by being raised by a family consisting of siblings, parents, and grandparents
C)  the relationship an infant has with his or her primary caregiver is most important
D)  infants are more likely to cry in response to the cry of another infant, compared to that of a chimpanzeeE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 4: Infancy

Which of the following is an example of infant-directed (ID) speech?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Object permanence is not just a test of knowledge of the properties of objects; it is also a test of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What happens to an infant's heart rate when a new stimulus is presented?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term that developmentalists use to describe the oo-ing, ah-ing, and gurgling sounds that infants produce around 2 months of age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your nephew was born in mid-June, so you had 2 months to play with him before you left for school.It seemed like your nephew really enjoyed when you rocked and held him.When you next see him, at Christmas, he will be 6 months old.What will likely be his reaction to seeing you again?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The still-face paradigm is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ is the outermost portion of the forebrain; it contains four regions with distinct functions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Oster et al.(1992) , 1-, 4- and 7-month-old infants were observed as their forearms were held down so that the infants could not move their arms.At what age did infants show a definite anger response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What did Piaget call the cognitive structures for processing, organizing, and interpreting information?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Ifaluk people of Micronesia do not use ID speech.How do they view talking to children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first stage in Erikson's theory is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true regarding the process of myelination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants begin to behave in an intentional manner after 6 months of age.What might provoke an infant to express anger?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true for infants in developing countries?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have an infant who is 11 months old.She can hold small objects between her thumb and forefinger, such as marbles, coins, and crayons.You are amazed at this ability and believe that she is highly advanced.What is your pediatrician likely to say?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In reference to infancy, Bowlby believed that __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At birth, the neurons have only a few connections.By age 2, each neuron is connected to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the first year of life, infants accumulate fat, which helps the infant __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In animals, quite a bit of brain development occurs prenatally.When does this same brain development occur in human infants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As early as 4 months of age, infants __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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